4-gin渲染

思考并回答以下问题:

各种数据格式的响应

json、结构体、XML、YAML、ProtoBuf

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package main

import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/testdata/protoexample"
)

// 多种响应方式
func main() {
// 1.创建路由
// 默认使用了2个中间件Logger(), Recovery()
r := gin.Default()
// 1.json
r.GET("/someJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.JSON(200, gin.H{"message": "someJSON", "status": 200})
})
// 2. 结构体响应
r.GET("/someStruct", func(c *gin.Context) {
var msg struct {
Name string
Message string
Number int
}
msg.Name = "root"
msg.Message = "message"
msg.Number = 123
c.JSON(200, msg)
})
// 3.XML
r.GET("/someXML", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.XML(200, gin.H{"message": "abc"})
})
// 4.YAML响应
r.GET("/someYAML", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.YAML(200, gin.H{"name": "zhangsan"})
})
// 5.protobuf格式,谷歌开发的高效存储读取的工具
// 数组?切片?如果自己构建一个传输格式,应该是什么格式?
r.GET("/someProtoBuf", func(c *gin.Context) {
reps := []int64{int64(1), int64(2)}
// 定义数据
label := "label"
// 传protobuf格式数据
data := &protoexample.Test{
Label: &label,
Reps: reps,
}
c.ProtoBuf(200, data)
})

r.Run(":8000")
}

HTML模板渲染

  • gin支持加载HTML模板, 然后根据模板参数进行配置并返回相应的数据,本质上就是字符串替换
  • LoadHTMLGlob()方法可以加载模板文件
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package main

import (
"net/http"

"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.LoadHTMLGlob("tem/*")
r.GET("/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "index.html", gin.H{"title": "我是测试", "ce": "123456"})
})
r.Run()
}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>{{.title}}</title>
</head>
<body>
fgkjdskjdsh{{.ce}}
</body>
</html>

目录结构:

如果你的目录结构是下面的情况

代码如下:

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package main

import (
"net/http"

"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.LoadHTMLGlob("tem/**/*")
r.GET("/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "user/index.html", gin.H{"title": "我是测试", "address": "www.5lmh.com"})
})
r.Run()
}
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{{ define "user/index.html" }}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>{{.title}}</title>
</head>
<body>
fgkjdskjdsh{{.address}}
</body>
</html>
{{ end }}

如果你想进行头尾分离就是下面这种写法了:

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package main

import (
"net/http"

"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.LoadHTMLGlob("tem/**/*")
r.GET("/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "user/index.html", gin.H{"title": "我是测试", "address": "www.5lmh.com"})
})
r.Run()
}

user/index.html文件代码:

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{{ define "user/index.html" }}
{{template "public/header" .}}
fgkjdskjdsh{{.address}}
{{template "public/footer" .}}
{{ end }}

public/header.html文件代码:
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{{define "public/header"}}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>{{.title}}</title>
</head>
<body>

{{end}}

public/footer.html文件代码:
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{{define "public/footer"}}
</body>
</html>
{{ end }}

如果你需要引入静态文件需要定义一个静态文件目录
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r.Static("/assets", "./assets")

重定向

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package main

import (
"net/http"

"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.GET("/index", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.Redirect(http.StatusMovedPermanently, "http://www.5lmh.com")
})
r.Run()
}

同步异步

  • goroutine机制可以方便地实现异步处理
  • 另外,在启动新的goroutine时,不应该使用原始上下文,必须使用它的只读副本
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package main

import (
"log"
"time"

"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
// 1.创建路由
// 默认使用了2个中间件Logger(), Recovery()
r := gin.Default()
// 1.异步
r.GET("/long_async", func(c *gin.Context) {
// 需要搞一个副本
copyContext := c.Copy()
// 异步处理
go func() {
time.Sleep(3 * time.Second)
log.Println("异步执行:" + copyContext.Request.URL.Path)
}()
})
// 2.同步
r.GET("/long_sync", func(c *gin.Context) {
time.Sleep(3 * time.Second)
log.Println("同步执行:" + c.Request.URL.Path)
})

r.Run(":8000")
}
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